Aug 23, 2025
3 min read
Secretary and our secretary of the country of leading efforts in 2025.
Larry Summers: 'A smart job will keep flexibility'
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Former US Treasury Secretary and President of Harvard University Lawrence H.Summers have seen the downs of the US economy for decades.He thinks what we should think is because today's leaders are dealing with fears of recession, artificial intelligence, fees, inflation and other things.How future technology and economic forces change the labor market, political projects and more.
Ignatius, I am the one I am Ignatius.
Alison Beard: I'm Alison Beard, and that's the idea.
Adi Ignatius: "Menisson, we will talk about difficulties to be a business leader and what do you think about business leaders trying to control days trying to control the days?
Alison bear: Good questions because there are many ideals of ecostylums, how to have any doubt, and much in the middle of the article.
Adi Ignatius: Yes, so it feels like an unprecedented level of uncertainty.There is a game for uncertainty and there are people who have what they say about how they can manage the company if things are uncertain.
So today's guest, in my opinion, someone who can really speak at all levels, how to think of all these challenging problems, but how to manage your business safety.It is generally well respected by truck Summers, former Treasury Secretary, former President of Harvard University and economist.
Edison denied: No doubt he wants to connect all points that now I have said right now.
Adi Ignatius: Do you know that most of them will never be fixed.He decided to open yourself, and we decided to open to the mindful audience.Hope you love.
You are a bigi what it develops the uncertainty barking a few months.
Lawrence H. Summers: Take a look, this is mostly a wound by the US economy.It increases and increases unemployment and increases unemployment for most industries, because it increases the input price.Rare, and increase inflation forecast that it also increases unemployment.
I think it is clear that these rules are a mistake.They will not be in summary of more American competitive business summaries.Most of the way to the Smoot-Hawley level has increased tariffs.
Now it is mentioned now, enterprises are in the end, but there are many products that are not wise.
Adi icius: One of the other questions are even true?I mean the extent to which America bend on with high tart threats, is this conference cover?Is it basically returning to trade?And how is the industry intending to deal with your uncertainty level when it is not clear?Lack of confidence.
Lawrence H. Summers: I think smart companies will maintain and get more robbery strategies that were in many environment.In his first season rates went up from a one and a half percentage of the girl under 3%.Wel, they were advanced that most people will now expect them to settle as an average rate.
So I do not think that there are serious questions that the United States is kept in your industry, in some companies or for some attempts, do not affect the chance of export.
Adi Ignatius: Yes.This could probably cause a shorter term. So, are we going to the downturn in 2025? I am interested in your answer, but thinking about this question, what is the indicator you focus on?
Lawrence H.Contact: I think you are going to say that you have a real estimate, but in the transition last month.With the indicators I would say that it is better to feel better than hardened hard data.
And so I mean that you are not going to see and prevents more dramatic events, a significant attractiveness in the economy.
Adi Ignatius: So, what about spirit progress?But that's a bit shocking about the uncertainty.Regarding tax satisfaction concerns.A scary way.What does that mean?
Laurence H. Survey: There were many indices on the fallen shoes that could leave a heavy shoe on the market.
Therefore, when no shoes come to a big way, I think it is not outside the forest, especially if you are not uncertain about geopolitical, especially if you do not see some scenarios.When they don't play, people will be a little more confident.
EDIBBEENS: So, on this subject, it's a question of one of our participants, half.I don't know wherex loot, but the questions, what do you think about a potential prediction of a prosecution?
Lawrence H's ship.Problems, which is what to care, but may not be one of the most focused.
I don't think people think the product curve is an economy that can open up the Fed, and the Fed's action is that the Fed wants to respond to the economy.
Address: Therefore, mentioning something in the past, and when you talk about shoes that can go down, it may be related to one of the financial, a tumor may be low.
In your mind, and I don't know what you think about, if there is a reliable agreement that we could do with China, or to have a meaningful to China.
Lawnrence H. Summer: I think it would be very difficult to make an adverse effect on national security and other technology Distribute.A series of trial building, collaboration categories that are well-built together and are created later.
Adi Ignatius: You know you have criticized a manager manager.
I have a few questions here, but is interesting in anywhere, not the tariffs everywhere, but not that kind of high rule is causing this business for many businesses?
Lawrence H. Summers: There are some transferred ideas.
I like to tell the bridge story from the Harvard Square across the Charles River to the Broid School of Business that the bridge was 362 feet long.It had a 62 -month -old lane, which took 50% more than the US needed to win World War II, just to clean the bridge.
Not a normal feature.The second of average average in New York is about 12 years in many things in paragé in parags
So I think there are a lot to do to open.I think it is very important for the rich.In the same income.I would like to ask people the question, the United States would not be a better country if there are more successful stories as Bill Gates and Steef Bezos?
I clearly see that it will be more successful.I will have more work for workers.There would be better opportunities for consumers.Employers and therefore, the advanced work is maintained for us.
And probably I heard that there are times when Democratic Party lost vision, and gives priority in the middle class instead of building a middle class.
Adi Ignatius: Well.SIC Let's Overworking Over work, then this question about Maureen from somewhere or Alio.Let's say your view for the most warmers to think about your work input?
Legangle H. Olleler: I guess we must have done bad, and many people have a way of greeting.
So I guess our education system, especially for the purpose of the waywise, not clergymen, is a substance that is worthy of great care.I guess we need to find examples of the presentation of a cooperation partnership.I think we had serious problems in our country where workers have very perfect in the magazines.The trial in the car department, where strong organizations have made it very much, that businesses that produce carefully as they can.
Adi Ignatius: When I talk to business leaders, I think you are talking to many of them now.The worker, we started all this because we started to be a moment of true uncertainty.I think this is from two basic fields.Uncertainty.I am basically interested when you are talking to business leaders, or the problems they care about, is that something we need to pay attention to?
Lawrence H. Live bows are often working in Washington, I have to have a lot of work sources, but it is very important for commercial to produce a good product in a good product.
I am thinking about the exam for business leaders.90 of Udeak unhead recognize that US would be a US habit.I can't think about.Note the captain's power.
And so I will encourage booksual leaders in general, every world and certainly in this one, focus on how special the company I have.And in a world, there will be more divisions, as we focus especially on this unique power to transport values for various districts.
ADI Ignatius: Let's talk about artificial intelligence.We all have opinions.We all have a strong opinion on artificial intelligence and work.They talk about it, talk with shareholders about it, and don't know what's actually happening.They do not understand their hands and do not understand the revolutionary revolution.I am interested in your view.Perhaps you will talk with experts.
Lawrence H. Summer: I think the most important thing is better, and the biggest change in my life.I think it is very difficult to know if the change will occur.
But so far I have no longer had a technology to focus.PCCs do not make new and better computers, but models have the opportunity to call the recursive aspect, to find out how to improve self-best.Just as the human societies acting together have a way to improve.COMMON DAILY COMMERCIAL INTERACTIONS, in what time interval?I think this is much harder to judge and I think this is often the case with these things, it is not better to be a first engine.It is better to cling a little and see what works and see what doesn't, before you have a big problem.
Adi Ignatius: GEL, I want to thank you.It was an amazing conversation.Thank you very much for being with us.
Lawrence H.Three: Thank you.
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